Heating apparatus



" (No Model.)

s. L. BAILEY.

HEATING APPARATUS.

Patented Nov. 23

N. PETERS Pholo-L'flhogmphsr. WuhingiolL 0.0.

U ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STERLING L. BAILEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HEATING A PPARATUS.

CPECIPICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 353,111, dated November 23, 1886.

Application filed March 4, 1886.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STERLING L. BAILEY, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means for conveying warm air from heating-furnaces into the various rooms of the building to be warmed; and the invention consistsin a hood or receiver located within the hot-air chamber, which sur rounds or incloses the furnace in such a manner as to intercept a portion of the heated air and convey it laterally into the desired room or rooms, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

Figure l is a perspective view, with a portion of the furnace-wall broken away to show the hood in position. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of a portion of a building illustrating the application of my improvement.

In warming buildings by what is termed indirect radiation -that is, by means of currents of air warmed by a furnace or steam apparatus located in the basement or lower part of the building-the operation depends entirely upon the fact that the air Whenheated expands in volume, and is thereby rendered lighter than the cold air, the warm light air of course ascending and its place being taken by the cold air which flows in at the bottom to supply the partial vacuum formed within the furnace or heating chamber by the ascentand escape of the warm air through the pipes or fines into the rooms above.

Experience has demonstrated, as might be expected, that the warm air will naturally flow by the most direct route to the registers or outlets above, and for that reason it has been considered practically impossible to convey any material portion of the warm air laterally so as to warm rooms on the same floor orlevel as the furnace or heater, or rooms on the first floor above, but at considerable distance away at the same time and by the same heater as those above were warmed. It not nnfrequ ently happens that in heating large buildings-such as school-houses, court-houses, and other public buildings, as well as some private buildingsit is desirable to heat one or more rooms in thebasement, or on the same floor or level with the heater, and to do so from the furnace or heater on that floor. To accomplish this is Serial No. 194,010. (No model.)

the object of my invention, which consists of ahood, I, set within the heating-chamber in such a manneras to intercept a portion of the warm air as it rises from the furnace or heater and conduct it through a lateral opening into an adjoining room, or through a lateral duct into rooms beyond, either in the same story or in the stories above, according to the requirements of the case.

, In Fig. 1, F indicates a furnace orheater inclosed by a brick wall, D, in the usual manner, the cold air entering at the openings H H, from whence it passes upward in contact with the heater F, by which itis heated and fills the V heat-chamber. I construct a hood, I, prefer ably of the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, open at the lower side, and which will be made to project into the heat-chamber and over the heater, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2.

If it be, desired to heat the adjoining room, L, the h'ood will have its mouth or outer end extended through the wall, as shown in Fig. 2, or be fitted firmly in an opening in the wall leading into said room, so that the warm air which enters it within the heat-chamber will be deflected and made to pass laterally into said room L. If, however, it be desired to conduct the heat to a room beyond L, either on the same floor or on floors above, then the hood will be extended in the form of a closed duct to the room to be heated, as indicated by the dotted linesin Fig. 2. If the room N on the same floor is the one to be heated, then of course the duct J will simply pass through the wall K and stop there; but, if it be desired to conduct the warm air into the room M above, then the duct J will be extended upward through the fioor or into a vertical duct or flue built in the wall for that purpose, and which may be extended upward far enough to conduct the heat into the rooms on any of the stories above through registers or openings in the face of the flue, as is customary in buildings heated by hot air.

The hood I may be made of any size required, according to the portion of the warm air that it is desired to convey, and it may be made to extend part way or all the way across the heater, and, obviously, may be arranged to conduct the warm air out at either side of the hot-air chamber.

The side walls of -the hood I may be extended ICO downward any desired distance, so as to more effectually catch the ascending air, as the greater the height of the column of warm air within it the greater will be the force exerted to force it laterally through the duct J. It Will of course be made of a size to adapt it to the circumstances in each particular case, the construction and arrangement shown being sufficient to enable any person skilled in the art to construct and apply it.

In order to produce the best results, I prefer to arrange the ventilating registers or outlets e at or near the floor of the room to be heated, as shown in the room L in Fig. 2. In such case the warm air entering the room near theceiling will spread itself across the upper portion of the room, forming a horizontal layer or stratum, and as the lighter heated air continues to pour in this stratum will be forced continually downward (it growing gradually cooler and therefore heavier) until the entire room is filled full of warm air, the coolest, or that which has been longest in the room, gradually passing out through the registers e at base of the room, as indicated by the arrows. In practice there are usually several of these exit-registers, arranged at different sides of v the room for the purpose of equalizing the flow of the warm air to all sides of the room, and thus secure a uniform temperature at the same height in all parts of the room. If the exit or Ventilating openings be located at or near the ceiling, the warm fresh air would pass directly out at said openings, and therefore would not be diffused throughout the room.

As this improvement isdesigned to be used in connection with what is known as the Ruttan heater for warming and ventilating school-buildings and the like, in which it is necessary to have the means of introducing fresh air into the rooms. even when the heat is shut off in whole or in part, I prefer to arrange the cold-a-ir ducts H and E and the valve a (shownin Fig. 2) 011 the plan described in Patent No. 261,879, to I. D. Smead, and for that purpose I make an opening, a, in the spout or trunk of the hood I at a point coinciding with the cold-air duct E, and so pivot the valve a that when turned down to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 it will close this opening a,- but when raised to shut off the flow of warm air, the hole at will be opened, thus permitting the cold air to enter from the cold air duct E, and passfrom thence through duct J into the room; or by partially opening the valve the cold and warm airplay be mingled, thus tempering the heat as may be desired. The valve a may be adjusted by a handle or rod extended outthrough the wall D; or it may be arranged to be operated from the room to be heated, as may be preferred, these being matters of detail to be arranged as may be preferred by the person setting or using the apparatus, and therefore not necessary to describe.

It will, of course,be understood that this hood is designed to be used in connection with a heat-chamber from which the warm air is conducted to the rooms above by separate vertical flues, as shown in Fig. 2, 13 indicating such vertical flue with an opening into the rooms above. The heated air would naturally all pass off through these vertical flues, were it not for thehood; but, that intercepting, a portion of the ascending warm air deflects it and causes it to pass laterally through the opening into the the adjoining room, or if the duct J be used into a room or rooms beyond.

The advantages of this improvement will be readily understood by any one having experience in this line, and need not be further enumerated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In combination with a heat-chamber provided with ascending heat fines or pipes, the hood I, arranged to intercept a portion of the ascending hot air and direct it to a lateral opening or pipe in the side wall of the chamber, substantially as shown and described.

- 2. ThehoodI, provided with an opening, n, arranged to coincide with a cold-air duct, E, in combination with the valve a, arranged to simultaneously close the hot-air passage and open the co1d-airinlet,or vice versa, said parts being arranged to operatein connection with a heat-chamber, substantially as shown and described.

STERLING L. BAILEY.

\Vitnesses:

FRED M. BAILEY, OrIs JOINT. 

